Performance Analysis of RPL Protocols in LLN Network Using Friedman’s Test

Abstract

This paper provides a comparison study of the quality services of RPL protocols in low-power and lossy networks (LLN). We evaluate and compare our proposed protocol which is an extension of RPL based on Operator Calculus (OC), called RPL-OC, with the standard and other RPL variants. OC based approach is applied to extract the feasible end-to-end paths while assigning a rank to each one. The goal is to provide a tuple that containing the most efficient paths in end-to-end manner by considering more network metrics instead of one. Further, to address some significant issues of the performance analysis, a statistical test has been performed in order to determine whether the proposed protocol outperforms others or not by using Friedman test. The results show that there is a strong indication that four different protocols were analyzed and compared. It reveals that the proposed scheme outperforms others, especially in terms of end-to-end delay and energy consumption which allow ensuring quality of services requirements for Internet of Things (IoT) or smart city applications.

Index Terms—RPL, Routing, LLN, IoT, Friedman Test.

This paper has been already accepted on the Symposium on Solutions for Smart Cities Challenges 2020 (SSCC 2020) in conjunction with The Seventh International Conference on Internet of Things: Systems, Management and Security (IoTSMS 2020), Paris, France, December 14-16, 2020. Accepted papers will appear in the IoTSMS Proceeding and to be submitted to IEEE Xplore for inclusion. And in addition, this paper is one of the Workshops Best Paper Nominees. However, due to pandemic Covid-19, the conference is transformed into an online virtual conference.

 

Screenshot of Workshops Best Paper Nominees (Taken from the Opening Slides of keynote speaker)

Screenshot from the virtual conference.

Colmar, 16 December 2020

Protokol Routing RPL

Internet of Things (IoT) bukan lagi sebagai fantasi sains-fiksi.  Dengan kemajuan teknologi yang sangat pesat memungkinkan terhubungnya semua objek sehari-hari ke Internet. Namun, diperlukan sebuah solusi yang interoperabel untuk memastikan optimal komunikasi antar  objek-objek tersebut. Protokol routing adalah salah satu elemen kunci pada IoT. Karena protokol routing memungkinkan setiap objek menentukan bagaimana mencapai objek lain. Beberapa kendala pada protokol routing antara lain  saluran komunikasi yang tidak stabil dan energi daya rendah yang harus diperhitungkan dalam pengembangan protokol routing yang sesuai untuk IoT.  Pada artikel kali ini, saya akan menyajikan sekilas tentang protokol RPL yang dirancang khusus untuk  jaringan berdaya rendah dan lossy (Low-power and Lossy Network disingkat LLN).